Shop Drawings Are Supplimental Plans
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Preface
The preparation and review of store drawings is an of import role of the construction procedure. Items for which store drawings submittals are required must be identified in the specifications, and a consummate list of required submittals reviewed at the project pre-construction meeting. The process is a critical checkpoint to ensure that components which are manufactured off-site run into the design intent of the construction documents, and address any site weather which may vary from those conditions shown on or anticipated by the construction documents. The store drawing review procedure is also an opportunity to confirm that the project requirements take been clearly relayed to and understood by the trades and fabricators in order to ensure that the correct production is provided.
one What shop drawings should show and the purpose of reviewing them is described below.
i.1 Detailing design and fabrication specific to a product
Store drawings may detail aspects of design and fabrication that are specific to a product, and exterior of the consultant'due south expertise. Review of shop drawings for these items is an opportunity for the consultant to appraise the fully developed design of those elements that are indicated schematically on the contract documents, to determine that they meet the design intent and that they interface acceptably with site atmospheric condition and other edifice elements.
For example, the construction documents for a building clad in precast panels will indicate the fasteners cast into the precast in a schematic fashion, every bit information technology is the responsibility of the precast console supplier to engineer and particular the fasteners. The store drawings will testify this detail in particular allowing the structural consultant (for the edifice) to ostend that the fastener interfaces as expected with the building structure and allowing the consultant to confirm that the associates is uniform with the proposed method of achieving air and water tightness.
In a second example, the construction documents for a building clad in curtainwall will signal mullion back up points where deflection is to be accommodated past skid joints. The engineer for the mantle wall supplier will more than fully detail these joints, as he will have a detailed knowledge of their ain curtainwall organisation's components, and will ultimately take responsibleness for those details. The consultant is able to make up one's mind that the design atmospheric condition take been understood and addressed by the curtainwall supplier, through the store drawing review process.
1.2 Documenting and detailing variations of similar components
Variations of a component are often described in the construction documents with annotations such every bit "SIM", OR "REVERSE" OR "MIRROR". Review of shop drawings prepared by the fabricator detailing these items provides an opportunity for everyone to check that the design intent has been correctly understood.
An example would be a multi‐storey stair for which typical guard and handrail elevations and required loadings have been provided on the construction documents. The shop drawings provided by the supplier will include elevations of all guards and handrails, assuasive what is being provided to exist checked for compliance with the construction documents and applicable codes, and to show how atypical conditions are existence addressed. It is likewise an opportunity to examine predictable conditions that may have changed due to field conditions.
two Several important aspects of the shop drawing submission and review process are discussed below.
2.ane Submittal Schedule
The specifications should require the contractor to prepare and submit for review, prior to the contractor's first application for payment (similar to the requirement for the submittal of a "schedule of values" prior to the commencement application for payment), a submittals schedule indicating when the various shop drawings, samples, product data, mock‐ups, photographs and certificates are to be submitted. This allows the contractor to demonstrate that they have identified all the required submittals and have scheduled them accordingly to allow enough time for review and for re-submission. Past doing so neither the project schedule nor the consultant team will be unnecessarily burdened with numerous concurrent submittals. The size and complication of submittals that may necessitate longer review periods than typical (which may have been specified) should also be addressed past the submittals schedule.
Review of the submittals schedule will as well help identify any shop drawings that are non required and which should non exist submitted for review. Prior to receipt of the submittals list prepared by the contractor, the consultants should review the specifications and fix their ain lists of required submittals, to check against the listing provided by the contractor. Additional information regarding the preparation and maintenance of a submittal schedule tin can be plant in the OAA/OGCA document "Joint All-time Practise Statement Shop Drawing Schedule" available on the OAA web site.
ii.2 Delegated Blueprint
The specifications should too indicate which shop drawings crave a delegated design engineer's review and seal. If pattern is delegated to a fabricator's engineer, the specific requirements for the engineering review should be noted in the specifications including the requirement that the engineer must be licensed to practice in the jurisdiction of the place of the piece of work. State any requirements for professional liability insurance, both the amount (as required by the customer) and how long it must exist carried for.
Annotation that the engineer's seal may not announced on the beginning submission of the store drawing. Engineers are permitted to review and seal drawings prepared by others, and then frequently the drafting will be washed past the fabricator based on experience and non reviewed past the engineer until after the store drawing is otherwise accepted past the consultants. Suggested practice is to mark the store drawings with "revise and resubmit" status with the only notation being to braze the engineer'due south seal, assuming in that location are no other issues. A submittal requiring an engineer's seal should not be marked "reviewed" or "reviewed as noted" if the engineer'southward seal is not affixed.
This actress round of review will demand to be accommodated in the schedule. Additional information regarding delegated design tin can be found in OAA Practice Tip PT.37 Delegated Design and Store Drawings and the peer article Delegated Design: Complexities and Effective Implementation plant in the Knowledge Base
two.3 Contractor'south Review
Upon receipt of a store drawing submittal, the reviewer should first check for the contractor's review postage stamp. If it is non at that place, or at that place is bear witness that there has not been adequate review/coordination (such as dimensions indicating/requesting confirmation or adjacent material or scope non indicated) the submission should be returned immediately to the contractor. Although application of the contractor'southward review stamp is supposed to hateful that the contractor has thoroughly reviewed the store drawings, marked up any discrepancies, and provided requested site dimensions, the quality of such review may vary. The question then becomes, what is the signal of insisting on the contractor's review stamp on the shop drawings? By returning unstamped submissions, it sets a precedent for the project in terms of following right procedure. In addition information technology makes it more difficult for the contractor to avoid responsibility should issues arise related to the work shown on the shop drawings.
2.4 Reviewing for Design Intent Only
The purpose of shop drawing review past the consultants is to verify that the store drawings correctly represent and implement the pattern indicated by the construction documents. Dimensions or data that do non chronicle to the pattern intent should not be reviewed.
As an instance, the outside dimensions of a custom casting should exist reviewed, but the wall thicknesses do non demand to be reviewed by the architect as the wall thicknesses may just relate to the detail fabrication process or be of concern only to the structural engineer (who should then review the wall thickness). Aspects of the cartoon which pertain to engineering should be reviewed by the appropriate engineer. Review must be express to aspects of the submittal that are relevant to each discipline. Commenting on aspects of the submittal outside of the reviewer'due south discipline and area of expertise may expose the reviewer unnecessarily to additional liability. If the consultant is concerned most something related to another subject this upshot should be discussed directly with the representative of that discipline.
It is critical that the store drawings be forwarded to all the relevant disciplines for review, and that the reviews of diverse disciplines be coordinated. Finally, check the critical dimensions that determine that the components fit with each other and with the surrounding construction.
2.5 Use of Supplemental Instructions
Dimensions on store cartoon submittals are sometimes bubbled past the subcontractor or the contractor. If the dimension in question can be obtained from the contract documents, then the reviewer tin merely make reference to the drawing from which the requested information can be obtained. If the dimension needs to be verified in the field, this should exist noted. If the requested dimension cannot be obtained from the contract documents or through field verification, then a Supplemental Education should exist issued which specifically addresses the requested information.
It is important to consequence a Supplemental Education rather than simply mark the information on the store drawing. Past issuing a Supplemental Pedagogy the information is made available to the entire squad and additional RFIs from other trades may be avoided. If the additional information is noted on the shop cartoon rather than in a Supplemental Teaching, it becomes unclear who is responsible for the definiteness of the shop drawings and may cause problems with the work of other trades.
two.half dozen Reproduction of Contract Documents as Store Drawings ‐ Potential Risks
One of the problems of easily reproducing drawings is that drawings prepared by the consultant forming part of the construction documents are sometimes simply reformatted and annotated by the supplier or fabricator, then submitted as shop drawings for review. This approach can be problematic. The supplier or fabricator may not have thoroughly reviewed the contract documents, captured all the necessary information from various sheets, details, or specifications, or detailed their component of the work from first principles to ensure that they take understood the project correctly.
Secondly, any inconsistencies in the contract documents volition be copied into the shop drawings, missing the opportunity for final coordination. For example, the supplier of open spider web steel joists may request a CAD file of the structural consultant's roof plan, and resubmit that file as a store drawing with boosted annotations. However, in that location may be an inconsistency between the architectural and structural drawings, due to design changes or pending coordination. Site conditions may have resulted in changes from what is shown on the drawings. If the supplier simply copies and resubmits the engineer's roof programme, the opportunity for an independent assessment while redrawing the roof programme is lost. This of class does not mean to suggest that the fabricator is responsible for final drawing coordination. It is all the same, an important office of the process helping to ensure that any coordination or site condition issues are resolved prior to farther construction.
Another instance would be millwork store drawings. While the construction drawings may show the intended configurations, they typically exercise not bear witness all of the details of construction covered in the AWMAC specifications. Copying the construction drawings does non better the situation nor testify that the required quality and construction standards will exist part of the finished piece of work.
It should be noted that incorporation of electronic contract documents/drawing files may exist necessary for complex designs. The above noted concerns should be considered when reviewing such submissions.
2.7 Final Opportunity to Coordinate, Analyze and Confirm
There may be resistance on the part of the supplier or contractor to provide shop drawings. Information technology is nonetheless, where specified or noted, a requirement of the structure contract, and a valuable final opportunity to coordinate, to accost whatsoever site conditions, and to review adjacent weather condition and how they may impact the installation or functioning of the product.
Store drawing review is an opportunity to collaborate and notation whatsoever misinterpretations of the contract documents at a point when the issues tin be far more than easily addressed, rather than at a signal in the construction process where the issues may crusade construction delays and toll increases.
3 Conclusion
It is in the best interest of the unabridged team to ensure the grooming and review of appropriate store drawings is earnestly included in the construction process and gain in a collaborative and timely style. As noted in Atul Gawande's "The Checklist Manifesto", a submittals schedule is a class of checklist and is proven to be useful in successfully completing construction projects, all of which are considered complex.
4 Additional Information:
i. Checklist CH‐46 "Checklist: Typical Items for Store Cartoon Review" from the Canadian Handbook of Practise for Architects (CHOP) is an excellent resource, providing a comprehensive listing of potential shop drawing submissions for a large calibration project, and the items to be reviewed by the Consultant in the submissions.
ii. Electronic Shop Drawings Review This commodity describes the process of store drawing review prior to the extensive utilise of electronic documents, and a typical procedure for electronic markup and issuance.
These articles practice not correspond OAA policy or guidance but rather are based on the opinions and experiences of members of the OAA and are prepared for the benefit of the profession at large.
Updated: 2020/Jun/xi
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Source: https://www.oaa.on.ca/knowledge-and-resources/practice-advisory-knowledge-base/practice-advisory-knowledge-base-detail/The-Shop-Drawing-Review-ProcessA-Brief-Discussion
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